[Role and place of ipidacrine in the therapy of diseases of the peripheral nervous system. The resolution of the expert council]. / Rol' i mesto ipidakrina v terapii zabolevanii perifericheskoi nervnoi sistemy. Rezolyutsiya Soveta ekspertov.

The resolution of the expert council is devoted to discussing aspects of the use of ipidacrine for the treatment of mononeuropathies, polyneuropathies and radiculopathies of various etiologies. Specialists prepared recommendations for ipidacrine's application in treating peripheral nervous system disorders.

[The efficacy and safety of naproxen in the treatment of nonspecific lumbalgia: the results of an open multi-center study (NEST)]. / Éffektivnost' i bezopasnost' naproksena v lechenii nespetsificheskoi liumbalgii: rezul'taty otkrytogo mnogotsentrovogo issledovaniia (NEST).

AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of naproxen in patients with nonspecific low back pain. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety patients with nonspecific low back pain were enrolled in the study. Patients took 550 mg of naproxen twice a day. All patients were assessed with VAS, the Oswestry questionnaire, Schober's test and clinical global impression scale. The treatment lasted from 7 to 14 days depending on the pain relief (VAS ≤10 mm). RESULTS: The pain syndrome relief was observed in 77 patients (88.5%) during the first week of the treatment and in 81 (93.1%) by the end of the study. The average value of VAS was reduced by 6.2 times (by 52.9 mm) in comparison to the baseline. According to the Oswestry questionnaire the influence of pain syndrome on the life quality was reduced by 4,78 times in comparison to the baseline. Schober's test revealed an increase in the amplitude of movements during therapy by 27% in comparison to the baseline. Only 5 (5.7%) drug-related adverse reactions were observed during the whole study, 80% of those were mild. CONCLUSION: Naproxen in the dose of 550 mg twice a day demonstrates the high efficacy and safety in patients with non-specific pain in lumbosacral spine.

Three-Dimensional Organization of Polyribosomes - A Modern Approach.

Polyribosomes in cells usually have a certain structural organization whose significance has not yet been elucidated. The development of cryo electron tomography has provided a new approach to study polyribosome structure. New data confirm or correct observations made earlier by classical techniques of electron microscopy. The existence of circular and linear (zigzag) topology of polyribosomes was confirmed, and their relationship with the frequently observed two-row forms was clarified. Contacts between ribosomes have been identified in densely packed three-dimensional helical polyribosomes. At the same time, modern cell-free translation systems have opened the possibility of investigating polyribosomes on mRNA of a given structure to elucidate the mechanism of polyribosome structure formation, especially of circular polyribosomes. There is an increasing amount of data supporting the idea of interdependence between polyribosome structure and their translational activity. Moreover, participation of polyribosomes in mRNA transport and localization of protein synthesis in the cell has been shown. Improvement of the resolution and the development of the cryo electron tomography technique for the analysis of polyribosomes in situ will enable further progress in understanding the process of protein synthesis in cells.

[An effect of ipidacrine (neuromidin) on electroneuromyographic parameters in the conditions of artificial decompression (a clinical/instrumental study)]. / Vliianie ipidakrina (neiromidin) na élektroneiromiograficheskie pokazateli v usloviiakh iskusstvennoi kompressii (kliniko-instrumental'noe issledovanie).

AIM: To study an effect of neuromidin on the changes in electroneuromyographic (ENMG) parameters in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome in the conditions of artificial decompression of a forearm. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty-four 64 patients, 46 women and 18 men, mean age 50,7±4,5years, matched for disease severity were studied. The patients were randomized into neuromidin group and control group. Neuromidin was introduced using subcutaneous local perineural injections. Characteristics of neuromidin effect on the changes in ENMG parameters of the median nerve were studied in a model of additional artificial decompression of the median nerve. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was the significant depression of the nerve function and worsening of ENMG parameters during the additional decompression as well as the aggravation of conduction block along nerve fibers (motor and sensory). In patients treated with ipidacrine, there was an increase in the amplitude of sensory and (to a less extent) of M-response that indicated the activation of axonal transport and reservation of functioning of the compressed nerve.

[Electroneurographic monitoring during the test of artificial compression as a method of early diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome]. / Elektroneirograficheskoe monitorirovanie pri provedenii testa iskusstvennoi kompressii kak metod rannei diagnostiki sindroma zapyastnogo kanala.

AIM: To develop the algorithm of early diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) at the stage of functional neurological disturbances by expanding diagnostic possibilities of electroneuromyography using artificial compression test. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Parameters of conductivity of the median nerve in 54 patients with finger numbness were analyzed during 3 months before and after compression of the forearm (blood pressure was measured for 1 min). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: An increase in the latency in motor fibers and a decrease in the amplitude of sensory response were identified in patients with CTS signs and normal electroneuromyographical parameters at baseline. The use of additional electroneuromyographical monitoring during the provocative artificial compression test expands the possibilities of this method and improves early diagnosis of CTS.

[SOME FEATURES OF THE BIOLOGY AND PARASITE FAUNA OF THE ARCTIC CHAR (SALVELINUS ALPINUS L.) IN THE LAKE MUSHTALAMPI (NORTHERN KARELIA)].

The native population of the Arctic char in the Lake Mushtalampi was studied. The dwarf form of the Arctic char inhabiting the lake was revealed. The fish is characterized by extremely low growth rate and by early maturation. Twelve parasite species were found in the arctic char. The parasite fauna is typical of representatives of Salmonidae. Distinguishing features of this fauna include the absence of narrowly specialized char parasite species. High intensity of infection with nematodes Philonema oncorhynchi allows estimating the epizootic state of the studied char population as insufficient.

Topology of mRNA chain in isolated eukaryotic double-row polyribosomes.

In the process of protein synthesis, the translating ribosomes of eukaryotic cells form polyribosomes that are found to be multiplex functional complexes possessing elements of ordered spatial organization. As revealed by a number of electron microscopy studies, the predominant visible configurations of the eukaryotic polyribosomes are circles (circular polyribosomes) and two-stranded formations (so-called double-row polyribosomes). The "long" (i.e. heavy loaded) polyribosomes are usually represented by double-row structures, which can be interpreted as either topologically circular ("collapsed rings"), or topologically linear (zigzags or helices). In the present work we have analyzed the mRNA path within the eukaryotic polyribosomes, isolated from a wheat germ cell-free translation system, by integrating two approaches: the visualization of mRNA ends in polyribosomes by marking them with gold nanoparticles (3'-end) and initiating 40S subunits (5'-end), as well as by the cryoelectron tomography. Examination of the location of the mRNA markers in polyribosomes and mutual orientation of ribosomes in them has shown that the double-row polyribosomes of the same sample can have both circular and linear arrangements of their mRNA.

[Prevalence and estimation of the occupational risk of the musculosceletal disorders in workers of aluminum potrooms].

The aim of this research is to investigate the role of the occupational risks in the development of pain syndromes of the locomotor system in workers employed in basic workplaces at aluminum potrooms, basing on the periodic health screenings data. It has been determined that working under the conditions of toxical fluorides-related exposure and athletic overexertion increases the risk of the upper arm pain syndrome development 4.3 fold. The maximum relative risk (108.2) has been revealed in the workers of such kind of professions having the length of employment upper 20 years and suffering simultaneously from cervical osteochondrosis and pulmonary diseases.

[Peculiarities of the biology and parasite fauna of juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in the Pista River (White Sea Basin), according to the Gyrodactylus salaris infestation].

Juvenile salmon Salmo salar m. sebago Girard from the Pista River system (the White Sea Basin) was investigated. The data on species composition and occurrence peculiarities of Gyrodactylus salaris Malmberg, 1957 are given. This monogenean is the alien species for the river system and it is recorded for the first time. It is shown that the distribution of the parasite abundance is can be described as the negative binomial distribution; variations of its parameters (k and p) were also characterized. Parasitological data obtained, as well as the data describing the characteristics of growth and age structure of juvenile salmon population, suggest the potential influence of G. salaris infection on the degree of survival of fishes in the lake-river system examined.

[Focal neuropathies: new possibilities for pharmacological treatment].

An open randomized trial of 58 patients with focal neuropathies of upper extremities has compared the efficacy of neyromidin (ipidacrinum) used in intramuscular injections and by the introduction of local injection perineural therapy. Both methods were combined with the following electroneurostimulation at the peak of drug action (30 min after the injection). The efficacy of treatment was assessed 14 days and 1 month after the end of treatment course by specific questionnaires and scales and an electroneuromyographic study. The data obtained indicate the efficacy of neyromidin in the treatment of patients with focal neuropathies of upper extremities. The introduction of the drug using local injection perineural therapy has demonstrated significantly better results.

[Application of ENMG-controlled electrostimulation of peripheral nerves in the treatment of compression radiculopathies].

A clinical experiment on a group of 22 patients, aged 45,4+/-6,2 years, with compression radiculopathies L(5)-S(1) has proved the possibility of optimized therapeutic electrostimulation of peripheral nerves under the control of F-waves on ENMG. Parameters of electrostimulation were specified as follows: rectangular impulses of positive polarity and duration of 500-1000 ms, frequency 1-10 Hz and submaximal intensity of current. The positive effect of electrostimulation on the conductivity of nerve fibers and excitability of spinal motor neurons was found.

[Safety and efficacy of movalis injected into trigger points in lumbago-ischialgia syndrome].

Efficacy and safety of movalis (meloxicam) injected into trigger points of 94 patients with vertebrogenic lumbago-ischialgia syndrome have been assessed. Patients have been stratified into 3 randomized groups: the first group received 3 injections of movalis into trigger points with the following administration of tablets (15 mg per day); 2nd group received - 3 intramuscular injection movalis with the following administration of tablets (15 mg per day); 3nd - was control. Treatment efficacy has been assessed with the Visual-Analogous scale, a five-point scale for assessment of vertebroneurological symptoms, the Oswestry Disability Index, the McGill Pain Questionnaire, stimulating ENMG. Patients treated with movalis injections into trigger points and intramuscular had no local side-effects. The analgesic effect was more pronounced after three injections into trigger points compared to the intramuscular injection. The efficacy of treatment was the highest in the first group (75,6%) comparing to the 2nd (64,3%) and the 3rd (33,3%) ones.

[New methods of medicine phonophoresis in therapy of osteoarthritis patients exposed to physical overload at work].

The authors studied efficiency of chondroxide and phinalgel phonophoresis in osteoarthritis patients with roentgenologic stages I and II, aged 40 to 66. Recommendations are to use these treatment modalities in accordance with severity of joints inflammation.

[Parasite fauna of young landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. Sebago girard) in the Pista River (the White Sea Basin)].

A native population of landlocked salmon of the Pista River was investigated in 2000-2002. Adult salmon in Pista River has smallest size among other populations of landlocked salmon in Karelia. Data on the biology and parasite fauna of young salmon are presented. The presence of local salmon populations in lakes of the river system is apparently one of the mechanisms keeping the magnitude of population. The presence of Gyrodactylus salaris, a harmful parasite of the young landlocked salmon, is established in this territory for the first time. This monogenean species is believed to have been introduced into the Pista River via stocking from Finland.

["Shoulder pain syndrome" as an occupationally conditioned disease]. / "Bolevoi sindrom plecha" kak proizvodstvenno obuslovlennoe zabolevanie.

Analysis of medical examination materials through loglinear method and logistic regression revealed high risk of shoulder pain syndrome in individuals subjected to physical overload of shoulder and to fluorides toxicity. Prevalence of shoulder pain syndrome is also influenced by concomitant visceral diseases. The results obtained support possible use of the method in occupational risk calculation.

Effective non-viral leader for cap-independent translation in a eukaryotic cell-free system.

The 61 nt 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of mRNA encoding for a light-emitting protein of hydroid polyp Obelia longissima, obelin, is shown to provide a high level of cap-independent translation of heterologous mRNAs in cell-free translation systems based on wheat germ extracts. The inhibition of translation typically observed when excess mRNA is present or produced in a eukaryotic system (the so-called self-inhibition phenomenon) is found abated with mRNA constructs carrying the obelin mRNA leader. The role of the sequestration of a limiting initiation factor, probably eIF4F, in the self-inhibition phenomenon and the possible independence of the obelin mRNA leader from eIF4F are discussed. We propose the obelin mRNA leader be used for effective cap-independent translation in eukaryotic cell-free systems, including combined transcription-translation systems with uncontrolled phage polymerase-catalyzed accumulation of mRNA.

Cell-free production of biologically active polypeptides: application to the synthesis of antibacterial peptide cecropin.

An approach to preparative production of polypeptides, including uneasily testable, degradable, and toxic ones, is proposed on the basis of in vitro expression systems of last generation, such as continuous-exchange cell-free and continuous-flow cell-free transcription-translation systems. The approach implies that a polypeptide of interest is synthesized as a fusion protein with the polypeptide linked to green fluorescent protein (GFP) through a cleavable spacer. The GFP moiety provides direct visualization and quantitative monitoring of the polypeptide synthesis, as well as solubility and stability of the product. The synthesis of functionally active antibacterial polypeptide cecropin P1 (31 amino acid residues) has been demonstrated.